The Holocaust (from the Greek ὁλόκαυστος holókaustos: hólos, "whole" and kaustós, "burnt"),[3] also referred to as the Shoah (Hebrew: השואה, HaShoah, "the catastrophe"), was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, and the World War II collaborators with the Nazis.[4] The victims included 1.5 million children,[5] and represented about two-thirds of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe.[6] A broader definition of the Holocaust includes non-Jewish victims of the Nazi campaign of mass murder,[7] based on biological factors, such as the Romani, and the Aktion T4 patients who were mentally and physically disabled.[8]

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